You can probably get a adapter cable and plug it into a USB slot and as long as the drive is not dead then you should be able to copy and paste data from old drive folder to new drive location. Just dont restart computer, since computer may think it is your boot drive.
What I cant understand is why you did not contact Dell support for warranty? Which is now likely void since you did install the factory image.
You should have a look at the event viewer to try and narrow down your issue:
Event Viewer